This is just not trivial and requires some intimate knowledge on Xerte
1. Changing the authentication should NOT change the way students use the LO's, so I don't understand why all of a sudden students would need to login (unless the LO is set to be protected by password, instead of public and/or 'Other'
2. When changing the login, the database needs to change. There will be extra items in the logindetails table (new users) and those changes need to be reflected by
a. changing database entries and file system changes yourself (changes are required in the templatedetials, the templaterights, the folderdetails table and the aditional_sharing table in the database, and changes in the foldername in the USER-FILES folders)
b. Move ownership from the old username to the new username in the management page (possible user by user since version 3.9)
c. Create a script.
3. You could also customize xertesso.php, in such a way that the username coming from google is transformed into the old username, or uses an attrinute containing the old username. Drawback is that you would need to reapply that change everytime the installation is upgraded.